How coagulants work?
How coagulants work?
Coagulation
Coagulants which are positively charged metal salts (Me+) react with the negatively charged colloids in the water to form bigger flocs.
Flocculation
Then the particles form larger, heavier flocs (flocculate).
Separation
Like larger particles, the flocs can be separated from the water using methods such as sedimentation, floatation or filtration.
Water is essential for all life on earth. However, as a resource, water is limited. Where it is available, water has many different impurities which give it colour, taste and smell. We must reduce those impurities before we can use it for drinking, and before we give it back to nature after using it in our households and industries.
Chemical coagulation with metal salts has been proven to be one of the most cost-efficient ways to reduce impurities. Coagulants are used in many different applications. The most important ones are for the production of drinking water and treatment of wastewater. In the production of drinking water, coagulants are typically used to reduce particles, colour and metals. Coagulants used in wastewater treatment help to reduce heavy metals, nutrients, organic substances and particles.
Different types of coagulants have different properties. These properties enable water managers to target specific impurities in the water. Larger particles can easily be separated from the water. However, particles suspended in the water (called colloidals) are very small and typically have a negative charge.
We produce chemical coagulants that are positively charged metal salts (Me+) that react with the negatively charged colloids in the water to form bigger flocks. Like larger particles, the flocks can be separated from the water using methods such as sedimentation or filtration. With sedimentation, the large flocks become heavier than the water and sink to the bottom. The water can be decanted, leaving the sediment behind. With filtration, the large flocks are removed using screens, sieves or sand filters.
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